FCM Critical Care Practice Exam 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Refractory bleeding is a condition where gastrointestinal bleeding does not respond to standard medical management and continues despite treatment efforts. This situation signifies a serious underlying issue, such as a significant vascular lesion or a complex structure that is not amenable to non-invasive measures. Surgical intervention becomes necessary in such cases to stabilize the patient, stop the source of the bleeding, and prevent severe complications, including hemorrhagic shock or death.

In contrast, minor abrasions are typically self-limiting and resolve without the need for surgical procedures. Acute diarrhea is generally managed with supportive care and does not usually involve surgical intervention, as it often stems from infections or other non-surgical causes. Routine ulcer treatment usually aims to heal the ulcer through medications and lifestyle adjustments rather than surgical repair, unless complications arise that warrant surgical action.